Accelerated Chemistry-Periodic Trends
Accelerated Biology-Biogeochemical Cycles Quiz
Fundamental Chemistry-Periodic Table Introduction

Spectral Calculations concerning Hydrogen.

Nature cleans water through the hydrological cycle (water cycle)

-but it does not do it indefinitely, if human or animal waste accumulates bacterial levels in the water can also increase

-therefore, chlorination and water filtration began to stem the tide of dirty water

-the hydrological cycle recall is water evaporation and then condensing and rejoining bodies of water, this does clean the water however, atmospheric impurities like smog tend to make the air less clean

-then the rain or snow falls and some of the impurities can dissolve in the liquid water or stick to the snow

-additional impurities can accumulate in the water when it hits the soil-1) organic impurities from living things, or 2) dissolved minerals from rocks

-the dissolved organic compounds can possibly be broken down by bacteria into simpler carbon containing compounds

-filtration of the water through the sand and gravel of the ground could remove much of the suspended matter in the water

-overloading the system stops it from working properly, but given the right conditions we could depend on nature to clean our water

Sewage treatment is what cleans poop-water (waste-water)

-sewage or human waste containing water has to be released somewhere, and oftentimes the place where water is gotten for use is the same place that waste water is released

-therefore it is important that the waste water that is released is treated and cleaned and safe for release

We clean our drinking and bathing water through municipal treatment

-PRE-USE cleaning of water is called WATER TREATMENT and consists of the following steps

1) Screening: water flows through a metal screen so beavers and logs don’t get into the cleaning system

  2) Pre-chlorination: chlorine is added which kills disease causing organisms

3) Flocculation: alum (aluminum potassium sulfate AlK(SO₄)₂ ) and slaked lime (calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ )are added to the water to remove suspended murky particles

-what happens here is aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)₃ is formed which is a thick goopy substance that traps the murky particles

4) Settling occurs: the aluminum hydroxide and other solid particles are allowed to settle

5) Sand filtration: all other suspended particles are removed through sand filtration where the liquid passes through sand

6) Post-Chlorination: chlorine levels in the water are adjusted and lowered to safe levels

7) Aeration: water is sprayed into the air and recollected to remove odors and improve taste

8) pH adjustment: CaO lime may be added to raise acidic pHs

 
9) Fluoridation: 1 ppm F added to help prevent tooth decay

Light Cycles Link-

http://www.johnkyrk.com/photosynthesis.html

Dark Cycles Link-

http://www.johnkyrk.com/photosynthesisdark.html

http://croptechnology.unl.edu/animationOut.cgi?anim_name=electron_transfer_in_cell.swf

This is a review game for chapter four in accelerated chemistry about atomic theory.